Science Daily May 3, 2023 Existing image-free methods still cannot simultaneously obtain the category, location, and size information of all objects. Researchers in China have reported a novel image-free single-pixel object detection (SPOD) technique which enables efficient and robust multi-object detection directly from a small number of measurements, eliminating the requirement for complicated image reconstruction. The small-size optimized pattern sampling method achieved higher image-free sensing accuracy with fewer pattern parameters than convolutional neural network (CNN). Instead of simply stacking CNN layers, they designed the SPOD network based on the transformer architecture. It can better model global features and reinforce the […]
Tag Archives: S&T China
Scientists develop Earth system models with clouds and ocean submesoscale eddies
Phys.org April 26, 2023 Researchers in China developed a series of high-resolution coupled Earth system models (SW-HRESMs) with up to 5 km of atmosphere and 3 km of ocean which can meet the needs of multiscale interaction studies with different computational costs. They described the progress of SW-HRESMs development, with an overview of the major advancements made by the international Earth science community in HR-ESMs. They showed the preliminary results of SW-HRESMs regarding capturing major weather-climate extremes in the atmosphere and ocean, stressing the importance of permitted clouds and ocean submesoscale eddies in modeling tropical cyclones and eddy-mean flow interactions, […]
New family of wheel-like metallic clusters exhibit unique properties
Phys.org April 14, 2023 Researchers in China isolated a family of polyoxo(alkoxo)lanthanide cluster {Ln15} (Ln = Eu (1), Gd (2), Tb (3)) via a simple hydrolysis reaction of lanthanide metal ions in the presence of tricine ligands. X-ray diffraction analyses revealed that {Ln15} displayed a wheel-like structure with a µ5-chloride anion as a template. Each analog showed distinctive functions based on the different Ln(III) ions. Complexes 1 and 3 in the solid state emitted the characteristic fluorescence of Eu(III) or Tb(III). The fluorescence lifetimes of the 5D0 excited state for 1 and the 5D4 excited state for 3 were tested, […]
Photonic filter separates signals from noise to support future 6G wireless communication
Science Daily April 11, 2023 To achieve high reconfigurability in integrated microwave photonic filters (IMPFs) previous works adopt complicated system structures and modulation formats, which put great pressure on power consumption and controlment, and, therefore, impeded the massive deployment of IMPF. Researchers in China proposed a streamlined architecture for a wideband and highly reconfigurable IMPF on the silicon photonics platform. For various practical filter responses, to avoid complex auxiliary devices and bias drift problems, a phase-modulated flexible sideband cancellation method was employed based on the intensity-consistent single-stage-adjustable cascaded-microring. The IMPF exhibited an operation band extending to millimeter-wave and other extraordinary […]
Lake water storage on Inner Tibetan Plateau increases under climate change, finds study
Phys.org April 10, 2023 Lakes store 20% of surface freshwater resources and are an important link for studying the interactions between the various spheres of the Earth system. There are approximately 1400 lakes larger than 1 km2 on the Tibetan Plateau (TP), with a total area of approximately 50,000 km2, accounting for half of the number and area of lakes in China. Researchers in China estimated lake water storage anomalies (LWSA) of 18 lakes (area greater than 300 km2) during 2002–2018 on the Inner TP. They projected future changes of LWSA for an intermediate scenario based on an artificial neural […]
Using green energy for electrochemical corrosion protection
Phys.org April 4, 2023 Researchers in China developed a melamine foam (MF) /MXene/Ecoflex@TiO2-TENG (FME@TiO2-TENG) based on the composite dielectric MF/MXene/Ecoflex@TiO2 (FME@TiO2) after comprehensively considering charge generation, transport, trapping, and dissipation. Evenly dispersed MXene exhibited strong electronegativity, electrical conductivity, and a formation of many micro-capacitances, which are advantageous for surface charge generation, transfer, and retention in the composite dielectric FME@TiO2. They designed a cathodic protection system to demonstrate its application potential in electrochemistry. The results showed that the FME@TiO2-TENG could be used as an independent power source to provide electrochemical cathodic protection. According to the researchers their work provides guidance for […]
Shaping with light – a novel method for crafting chiral nanostructures with lasers
Nanowerk March 22, 2023 Chiral nanostructures based on semiconductors exhibit pronounced properties of chiral luminescence and optoelectronic responses, which are fundamental for chiroptoelectronic devices. Researchers in China showed polarization-directed oriented growth of platinum oxide/sulfide nanoparticles based on optical dipole interactions and near-field–enhanced photochemical deposition. By rotating the polarization during the irradiation or employing vector beam, both three dimensional and planar chiral nanostructures could be obtained, which is extendable to cadmium sulfide. The chiral superstructures exhibited broadband optical activity with a g-factor of ~0.2 and a luminescence g-factor of ~0.5 in the visible, making them promising candidate for chiroptoelectronic devices… read […]
Dust lifted into the air by cyclones provides anchor points for cloud-forming ice
Phys.org March 14, 2023 Researchers in China examined dust-infused baroclinic storm (DIBS) over East Asia in May 2017 to study the dust effects on cirrus clouds. The data indicated that the 2017 storm produced extremely high ice particle concentrations of 1 to 10 particles per cubic centimeter, with particle sizes in the range of 10 to 30 micrometers. They found that the more sophisticated parameterization matched cloud observations more closely than the simple model: The new, more complex model yielded ice particle concentrations that were 10 to 100 times higher and particle sizes that were 2 to 3 times smaller. […]
Researchers develop new method to enhance sodium ion storage
Phys.org March 9, 2023 The larger diameter of Na ions compared to Li ions makes the sodiation/desodiation process more difficult with a larger volumetric variation of the electrode material, leading to poor capacity and cycling stability. Researchers in China developed an atomic-interface of well-constructed 2H-MoS2/Fe(SA)-N-C anode assembled with 2H-MoS2 layer and N-doped carbon-confined Fe atom, which boosted the reversible sodium storage capacity. They found that driven by the work function difference at the heterointerface, the electron could transfer from Fe(SA)-N-C to 2H-MoS2 easily, enhancing the adsorption Na+ ion at the S sites of electron-rich MoS2. They indicated that the change […]
Keeping drivers safe with a road that can melt snow, ice on its own
Science Daily February 16, 2023 In this study, a novel and economical green sustained-release microcapsule salt-storage anti-icing agent was prepared by researchers in China using solid waste porous sustained-release skeleton loading organic acetate salt as the core material and styrene-acrylic-acrylate copolymer P(AA-MA-BA-St) as the wall material, which have less corrosiveness and extended the release time. The blast furnace slag and NaHCO3 were selected as the sustained-release skeleton and corrosion inhibitors. The optimal conditions of the synthesis of vesicle wall materials were investigated: 3.8 wt % acrylic acid polymerized at 110 °C with 3 wt % AIBN and for 3.5 h, […]