Phys.org July 22, 2022 In a review paper a team of researchers in China has introduced the latest development and strategy on fusion energy in China and reviewed the progresses of reduced activation ferritic/martensitic (RAFM) steel for engineering applications. It is considered to be the primary candidate structural material for blankets of ITER, CFETR and DEMO. Several RAFMs have been developed in China (CN-RAFMs) such as CLAM, CLF-1, modified RAFMs and oxide dispersion strengthened RAFMs (ODS-RAFMs). The mechanical properties, irradiation behaviors, additive manufacturing and joining technologies of structural materials have been comprehensively studied. Qualifications of CN-RAFMs are on-going for ITER-TBM […]
Tag Archives: S&T China
Novel imaging method developed for fast-moving objects
Phys.org July 5, 2022 When single-pixel imaging (SPI) is applied to imaging the dynamic object, severe motion blur in the restored image tends to appear. Researchers in China used a small amount of information detected by the single-pixel detector to locate and track the moving targets. With the increase of detection information over time, imaging of fast-moving objects and motion blur correction were realized synchronously. The technology fully exploits the characteristics of single-pixel detection and realizes rapid positioning, clear imaging, and recognition of fast-moving targets according to the characteristics of the system’s detection information data stream. The proposed technology roadmaps […]
Photon-controlled diode: An optoelectronic device with a new signal processing behavior
Phys.org July 1, 2022 The photodetector is a key component in optoelectronic integrated circuits. Although there are various device structures and mechanisms, the output current changes either from rectified to fully-on or from fully-off to fully-on after illumination. According to researchers in China the device that changes the output current from fully-off to rectified should be possible. They designed a photon-controlled diode based on a n/n− molybdenum disulfide junction. Schottky junctions formed at the cathode and anode either prevent or allow the device to be rectifying, so that the output current of the device changes from fully-off to rectified. By […]
Review of technologies that boost potential for carbon dioxide conversion to useful products
Phys.org July 1, 2022 Researchers in China summarized the recent advances in MOFs based catalysts for CO2 hydrogenation towards diverse products. It includes synthesis strategies for different kinds of MOFs based catalysts, selective hydrogenation of CO2 towards CO and methane over various metal nanoparticles/MOFs, heterogenization and isolation of molecular catalysts by MOFs, selective hydrogenation of CO2 toward methanol, the synergy between auxiliary sites and noble metal, and tandem catalytic systems of molecular catalysts and Lewis acid sites. The integration of multiple metal sites, promoters, and cocatalysts into MOFs is described for the selective hydrogenation of CO2 to C2+ products. The […]
Cocrystal engineering—a clever way for designing multifunctional material
EurekAlert June 24, 2022 Using cocrystal engineering researchers in China have designed Flu-TCNQ cocrystal with integrated optoelectronic properties. They selected the Flu (donor) as the luminescence unit due to its good luminescence, extended π-conjugated plans, and rich electrons properties, and the TCNQ (acceptor) as the electrical building block, a typical n-type semiconductor that can provide a strong electron-withdrawing capacity. Driven by the charge transfer (CT) interaction and affected by the D-A molecules stacking mode, the emission of Flu-TCNQ cocrystal was regulated to be red, and the n-type charge transport property of the acceptor molecule was maintained in the cocrystal. According […]
Valleytronics researchers fabricate novel 2D material enjoying long-life excitons
Phys.org June 28, 2022 Researchers in China presented the observation of the IXs in trilayer type-II staggered band alignment of MoS2/MoSe2/WSe2 van der Waals (vdW) HSs by photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The central energy of IX is 1.33 eV, and the energy difference between the extracted double peaks is 23 meV. They confirmed the origin of IX through PL properties and calculations by the density functional theory and studied the dependence of the IX emission peak on laser power and temperature. The polarization-resolved PL spectra of HS were also investigated, and the maximum polarizability of the emission peak of WSe2 reached […]
New member added to carbon material family, a two-dimensional monolayer polymeric fullerene
Phys.org June 15, 2022 It is a challenge to prepare large-sized single-crystal 2D carbon materials with moderate bandgaps to complement zero-bandgap graphene. Researchers in Chia prepared a single-crystal 2D carbon material, namely monolayer quasi-hexagonal-phase fullerene (C60) via an interlayer bonding cleavage strategy. In this monolayer polymeric C60, cluster cages of C60 are covalently bonded with each other in a plane, forming a regular topology that is distinct from that in conventional 2D materials. It exhibited high crystallinity and good thermodynamic stability, and the electronic band structure measurement revealed a transport bandgap of about 1.6 electronvolts. An asymmetric lattice structure endows monolayer […]
Novel fluorescent organohydrogel proposed to achieve dual information encryption
Phys.org June 10, 2022 Researchers in China designed an organohydrogel by constructing interpenetrating organohydrogel networks, in which naphthylamide moieties (DEAN, green-yellow emission) are introduced in hydrophilic poly(N,N-dimethylacrylamide) (PDMA) hydrogel network and anthracene units (blue emission) are copolymerized in hydrophobic polystearate methacrylate (PSMA) organogel network. UV light of 365 nm triggers the unimer–dimer transition and leads the fluorescent color of organohydrogel to change from blue to faint yellow. Photomasks store the secret information. They achieved dual encryption by combining crystallization-induced shape memory performance. According to the researchers fluorescent organohydrogel provides a new idea for fabricating smart materials with the ability of […]
Exploring the use of the nanoscale bowtie antenna under optical and electrical excitations
Phys.org June 2, 2022 Nanoscale bowtie antennas have been extensively studied for their high confinement and enhancement. In this mini-review, researchers in China start with a brief introduction to bowtie antennas and underlying physics. They review the applications with respect to optically and electrically excited nanoscale bowtie antennas. Optically driven bowtie antennas enable a set of optical applications such as near-field imaging/trapping, nonlinear response, nanolithography, photon generation and detection. They conclude with the principle and applications of electrically driven bowtie antennas, as an emerging method of generating ultrafast and broadband tunable nano sources…read more. Open Access TECHNICAL ARTICLE
Single-molecule optoelectronic devices
Phys.org June 2, 2022 Single-molecule devices provide a reliable platform for exploration of the intrinsic properties of matters at the single-molecule level. The regulation of the electrical properties of single-molecule devices will be a key factor in enabling further advances in the development of molecular electronics. In this review article researchers in China introduce the optoelectronic effects that are involved in single-molecule devices, including photoisomerization switching, photoconductance, plasmon-induced excitation, photovoltaic effect, and electroluminescence. They summarize the optoelectronic mechanisms of single-molecule devices, with particular emphasis on the photoisomerization, photoexcitation, and photo-assisted tunneling processes. Discussion on the opportunities and challenges arising in […]