Science Daily May 19, 2020 In this review article, a team of researchers in the US (Columbia University, Johns Hopkins University) suggests that AI-driven health interventions fit into four categories relevant to global health researchers: (1) diagnosis, (2) patient morbidity or mortality risk assessment, (3) disease outbreak prediction and surveillance, and (4) health policy and planning. However, much of the AI-driven intervention research in global health does not describe ethical, regulatory, or practical considerations required for widespread use or deployment at scale. Despite the field remaining nascent, AI-driven health interventions could lead to improved health outcomes in Low and Middle […]
Tag Archives: Review article
The most promising strategies for defeating coronavirus: A review study
EurekAlert April 24, 2020 To help focus the global search for a treatment, researchers at the University of North Carolina provide a comprehensive resource of possible lines of attack against SARS-Cov-2 and related coronaviruses, including the results from all preclinical and clinical trials so far on vaccines against SARS and MERS. They discuss one-by-one the possible strategies against the coronavirus. Among most effective are vaccines. The most successful are likely to carry the Receptor Binding Domain (of the virus’s S-protein), which allows it to bind to and fuse with host cells. The authors discuss a range of options from fusion […]
Pathways toward realizing the promise of all-solid-state batteries
Nanowerk March 13, 2020 Though promising all-solid-state batteries (ASSBs) still face barriers that limit their practical application such as poor interfacial stability, scalability challenges and production safety. In this review article researchers at UC San Diego seek to evaluate solid-state electrolytes beyond conventional factors and offer a perspective on various bulk, interface and nanoscale phenomena that require urgent attention within the scientific community. They provide a realistic assessment of the current state-of-the-art characterization techniques and evaluate future full cell ASSB prototyping strategies. They hope to offer rational solutions to overcome some major fundamental obstacles faced by the ASSB community, as […]
A review of single molecule-based electronic devices
Eurekalert November 21, 2019 At present traditional electronic devices based on semiconductor materials are facing technical, technological limitations and theoretical limitations. Single molecule electronic devices are considered one of the most hopeful candidates. Researchers in China provide an overview of single molecule electronic devices, including molecular electronic devices and electrode types. Several molecular electronic devices are presented, including molecular diodes, molecular memories, molecular wires, molecular field effect transistors (FET) and molecular switches. The influence of different electrode types of the transport characteristics and other characteristics of molecular devices are briefly introduced, such as potential thermoelectric effects. The future challenges to […]
Commemorating 30 years of optical vortices: A comprehensive review
Phys.org November 4, 2019 Researchers in China reviewed the 30-year development of the understanding and applications of these intriguing phenomena. The light waves of optical vortices (OVs) are twisted around their direction of travel, with a point of zero intensity at their center. They emphasized that the tunability of OVs includes not only the spectral and temporal tunability but also the OAM-, chirality-, topological-charge-, and singularity-distribution tunability. Prominent applications include sophisticated optical computing processes, novel microscopy and imaging techniques, the creation of ‘optical tweezers’ to trap particles of matter, and optical machining using light to pattern structures on the nanoscale…read […]
Structured light promises path to faster, more secure communications
Eurekalert November 5, 2019 Researchers in South Africa review the progress being made in using structured light in quantum protocols to create a larger encoding alphabet, stronger security and better resistance to noise. Since patterns of light can be distinguished from each other, they can be used as a form of alphabet. Its information capacity is much higher than polarized light and security is stronger, and the robustness to noise is improved. It turns out that many protocols can be efficiently implemented withotterns of light. Unfortunately, the toolkit to manage these patterns is still underdeveloped and requires a lot of […]
The future of stretchable electronics
Phys.org March 26, 2019 In this review article researchers in China highlight the advances in stretchable electronics, with an emphasis on underlying methods and engineering strategies in stretchable device construction and their applications. Currently there are two main strategies for manufacturing stretchable electronics. The first is to use intrinsically stretchable materials, such as rubber, which can endure large deformations but have high electrical resistance. The second method is to make non-flexible materials stretchable using innovative design. In the future, stretchable electronics may be enhanced with new capabilities, such as wireless communication, self-charging or even self-healing. Bringing stretchable electronic devices to […]