Phys.org August 16, 2021 Lithium battery materials, currently in use, fall short in terms of safety and performance holding back the next generation of high-performance batteries. In particular, the development of the electrolyte poses a key challenge for higher power batteries suitable for energy storage and vehicle applications. Researchers in Australia have synthesized safe fluoroborate salts with battery grade purity by recrystallisation process. When put in a lithium battery with lithium manganese oxide cathodes, the cell cycled for more than 1000 cycles, even after atmospheric exposure. The salt was found to be very stable on aluminum current collectors at higher […]
Tag Archives: S&T -Australia
New advanced material shows extraordinary stability over wide temperature range
Phys.org June 14, 2021 Researchers in Australia have demonstrated that the zero thermal expansion material made of scandium, aluminum, tungsten, and oxygen did not change in volume from 4 to 1400 Kelvin (-269 to 1126 °Celsius). They confirmed the structural stability of Sc1.5Al0.5W3O12 with only minute changes to the bonds, position of oxygen atoms and rotations of the atom arrangements which appear to be undertaken cooperatively. The crystallographic data from the diffraction experiments reflects the combination of subtle but observable distortions of the polyhedral units, bond lengths, angles and oxygen atoms that allow the material to absorb temperature changes. It […]
Future sparkles for diamond-based quantum technology
Science Daily May 17, 2021 Advancement of diamond based photonic circuitry requires robust fabrication protocols of key components – including diamond resonators and cavities. Researchers in Australia have developed a new hard masking method, which uses a thin metallic tungsten layer to pattern the diamond nanostructure, enabling the creation of one-dimensional photonic crystal cavities. The use of tungsten instead of a more conventional silicon oxide layer enables good repeatability and reliability of the fabrication procedures. The process yields high quality diamond cavities with quality factors (Q-factors) approaching 1 × 104. They showed that the cavities can be picked up and […]
Surpassing the lower limit on computing energy consumption
Phys.org April 20, 2021 Researchers in Australia have confirmed the potential for topological materials to substantially reduce the energy consumed by computing. They demonstrated that the subthreshold swing of a topological transistor in which conduction is enabled by a topological phase transition via electric field switching, can be sizably reduced in a noninteracting system by modulating the Rashba spin–orbit interaction. By developing a theoretical framework for quantum spin Hall materials with honeycomb lattices, they showed that the Rashba interaction can reduce the subthreshold swing by more than 25% compared to Boltzmann’s limit in currently available materials but without any fundamental […]
A new, positive approach could be the key to next-generation, transparent electronics
EurekAlert April 5, 2021 Wide-bandgap p-type oxides have carrier mobilities that are one to two orders of magnitude lower due to strong carrier localization near their valence band edge. Researchers in Australia have grown bilayer beta tellurium dioxide (β-TeO2) through the surface oxidation of a eutectic mixture of tellurium and selenium. It is theoretically proposed as a high-mobility p-type semiconductor. The isolated β-TeO2 nanosheets are transparent and have a direct bandgap of 3.7 eV. Field-effect transistors based on the nanosheets exhibit p-type switching with an on/off ratio exceeding 106 and a field-effect hole mobility of up to 232 cm2 V−1 s−1 at room temperature. […]
Adapting solar energy technology to detect chemical warfare agents and pesticides
Nanowerk March 4, 2021 The wrong amounts or incorrect use of these fumigants like methyl iodide can be harmful to people and degrade the ozone layer. Researchers in Australia borrowed a new technology that is being used to improve solar power – synthetic nanocrystals based on a perovskite structure – and turned it into a detection method. The presence of methyl iodide causes the nanocrystal emission to shift from green to yellow, and then on to orange, red, and finally deep red, depending on the amount of fumigant present. They demonstrated that the change in colour is dependent on the […]
Harnessing socially-distant molecular interactions for future computing
Nanowerk February 15, 2021 Researchers in Australia studied the electronic properties of magnesium phthalocyanine (MgPc) sprinkled on a metal surface and demonstrated that the quantum mechanical properties of electrons within the molecules (energy and spatial distribution) are significantly affected by the presence of neighbouring molecules. This effect was observed for intermolecular separation distances of several nanometres. Quantitative analysis of the experimental results and theoretical modelling showed that this interaction was due to mixing between the quantum mechanical orbitals of neighbouring molecules. The molecular orbital mixing leads to significant changes in electron energies and electron distribution symmetries. The long range of […]
New tool to combat terrorism
EurekAlert November 19, 2020 Environmental samples serve as ideal forms of contact trace evidence as detection at a scene can establish a link between a suspect, location, and victim. Translation of these tools to forensic science remains in its infancy, due in part to the merging of traditional forensic ecology practices with unfamiliar DNA technologies and complex datasets, biomass environmental signals carried by people and objects. However, the sensitivity, and reducing cost, of MPS is now unlocking the power of both high and low biomass environmental DNA (eDNA) samples as useful sources of genetic information in forensic science. Researchers in […]
60-year-old limit to lasers overturned by quantum researchers
Phys.org October 27, 2020 Researchers in 1958 showed theoretically that the coherence of a beam cannot be greater than the square of the number of photons stored in the laser based on the assumptions they made about how energy is added to the laser and how it is released to form the beam. Now according to researchers in Australia the assumptions made sense at the time, and still apply to most lasers today, but they are not required by quantum mechanics. They have shown that the true limit imposed by quantum mechanics is that the coherence cannot be greater than […]
Good vibrations for new energy
Nanowerk October 20, 2020 Triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) can be made at low cost in different configurations, making them suitable for driving small electronics such as mobile phones, biomechanics devices, and sensors. Researchers in Australia provide experimental and theoretical models for augmented rotary TENGs. The power generated by TENGs is found to be a function of the number of segments, rotational speed, and tribo-surface spacing. They applied mathematical modeling combined with artificial intelligence to characterize the TENG output under various kinematics and geometric conditions. Sensitivity analysis reveals that the generated energy and the matched resistance depend highly on segmentation and angular […]