Nanowerk January 16, 2023 Ultrathin optical metasurfaces have been recently explored to process large images in real time, in particular for edge detection. They can be tailored to solve complex mathematical problems in the analogue domain, although these efforts have so far been limited to guided-wave systems and bulky set-ups. An international team of researchers (the Netherlands, USA – University of Pennsylvania, City University of New York) developed an ultrathin Si metasurface-based platform for analogue computing that was able to solve Fredholm integral equations of the second kind using free-space visible radiation. A Si-based metagrating was inverse-designed to implement the […]
Tag Archives: Data processing
Engineers build artificial intelligence chip
Science Daily June 13, 2022 An international team of researchers (USA – MIT, University of Cincinnati, Harvard University, Stanford University, Washington University, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, South Korea, China) has developed stackable and replaceable hetero-integrated chips that use optoelectronic device arrays for chip-to-chip communication and neuromorphic cores based on memristor crossbar arrays for highly parallel data processing. They created a system with these chips that can directly classify information from a light-based image source.The system was modified by inserting a preprogrammed neuromorphic denoising layer that improves the classification performance in a noisy environment. Their technology can […]
Crucial leap in error mitigation for quantum computers
Phys.org December 9, 2021 Coherent errors severely limit the performance of quantum algorithms in an unpredictable manner, and mitigating their impact is necessary for realizing reliable quantum computations. The average error rates measured by randomized benchmarking and related protocols are not sensitive to the full impact of coherent errors and therefore do not reliably predict the global performance of quantum algorithms. Randomized compiling is designed to overcome these performance limitations by converting coherent errors into stochastic noise, dramatically reducing unpredictable errors in quantum algorithms, and enabling accurate predictions of algorithmic performance from error rates measured via cycle benchmarking. An international […]
Machine learning refines earthquake detection capabilities
Science Daily November 1, 2021 New satellites are opening a new window into tectonic processes by allowing researchers to observe length and time scales that were not possible in the past. However, existing algorithms are not suited for the vast amount of InSAR data flowing in from these new satellites. To process all this data an international team of researchers (USA – Los Alamos National Laboratory, France) developed the first tool based on machine learning algorithms to extract ground deformation from InSAR data, which enables the detection of ground deformation automatically — without human intervention — at a global scale, […]
A universal system for decoding any type of data sent across a network
MIT News September 9, 2021 An international team of researchers (USA – MIT, Boston University, Ireland) has created the first silicon chip which, unlike most error correcting codes, is able to decode any code, regardless of its structure, with maximum accuracy, using a universal decoding algorithm called Guessing Random Additive Noise Decoding (GRAND). GRAND works by guessing the noise that affected the message and uses the noise pattern to deduce the original information. It generates a series of noise sequences in the order they are likely to occur, subtracts them from the received data, and checks to see if the […]
Combining classical and quantum computing opens door to new discoveries
Science Daily June 15, 2021 Variational quantum eigensolvers (VQEs) combine classical optimization with efficient cost function evaluations on quantum computers. An international team of researcher (Canada, Austria, Germany) proposed a new approach to VQEs using the principles of measurement-based quantum computation. This strategy uses entangled resource states and local measurements. They have presented two measurement based VQE schemes. The first introduces a new approach for constructing variational families. The second provides a translation of circuit to measurement-based schemes. Both schemes offer problem-specific advantages in terms of the required resources and coherence times. The algorithm offers high error tolerance, often an […]
Metasurface enabled quantum edge detection
Phys.org December 29, 2020 Metasurfaces consisting of engineered dielectric or metallic structures provide unique solutions to realize exotic phenomena including negative refraction, achromatic focusing, electromagnetic cloaking, and so on. The intersection of metasurface and quantum optics may lead to new opportunities but is much less explored. An international team of researchers (China, USA – UC San Diego, Columbia University, Harvard University, Austria) proposed and experimentally demonstrated that a polarization-entangled photon source can be used to switch ON or OFF the optical edge detection mode in an imaging system based on a high-efficiency dielectric metasurface. This experiment enriches both fields of […]
Introducing ‘mesh,’ memory-saving plug-in to boost phone and computer performance
Science Daily September 19, 2019 Applications like web browsers or smartphone apps often use a lot of memory. To address this ,researcher at the UMass. Amherst, have developed a system they call Mesh that can automatically reducee such memory demands. Programs written in C-like languages can suffer from serious memory fragmentation. Mesh effectively squeezes out these gaps by taking advantage of virtual memory of the hardware. Mesh finds chunks of memory that can be interleaved and reclaims the memory from one of the chunks by combining the two chunks into just one. According to the researchers the results to date […]
Researchers build transistor-like gate for quantum information processing — with qudits
EurekAlert July 16, 2019 A team of researchers in the US (Purdue University, Oak Ridge National Laboratory) implemented qudit gate with a set of standard off-the-shelf equipment used daily in the optical communication industry. Qudits exist in multiple states, such as 0 and 1 and 2. More states mean that more data can be encoded and processed. They achieved more entanglement with fewer photons by encoding one qudit in the time domain and the other in the frequency domain of each of the two photons. They built a gate using the two qudits encoded in each photon, for a total […]
Excitons pave the way to more efficient electronics
Nanowerk January 4, 2019 An international team of researchers (Switzerland, Japan) combined tungsten diselenide with molybdenum diselenide to reveal new properties with an array of possible high-tech. By using a laser to generate light beams and slightly shifting the positions of the two 2D materials to create a moiré pattern, they were able to use excitons to change and regulate the polarization, wavelength and intensity of light. By manipulating the “valley,” of the exiciton, it can be leveraged to code and process information at a nanoscopic level. Linking several devices that incorporate this technology would give us a new way […]