Phyus.org March 3, 2023 The effects of volcanic eruptions on the ionosphere have been well studied, however, evidence for the anticipated upper atmospheric neutral variations and their exact extents of change are rarely available. An international team of researchers (China, Germany, USA – MIT) found dramatic thermospheric disturbances following the 15 January 2022 Tonga eruption. The GRACE-FO and Swarm-C observations from the accelerometers exhibited three successive thermospheric density waves at ∼500 km altitudes propagating concentrically across the globe at 200–450 m/s phase speed and two of the three waves converged at the antipode of the epicenter. A large-scale and long-lasting […]
Tag Archives: Volcanic eruptions
The World Is Not Ready For The Next Super-Eruption, Scientists Warn
Science Alert September 6, 2022 According to researchers in the UK over the next century, large-scale volcanic eruptions are hundreds of times more likely to occur than are asteroid and comet impacts, put together. The peril posed by volcanoes may also be greater. In a 2021 study based on data from ancient ice cores, researchers found the intervals between catastrophic eruptions are hundreds or even thousands of years shorter than previously believed. The history of many volcanoes remains murky, making it hard to anticipate future eruptions and focus resources where risks are highest. According to the researchers we need more […]
Ice Cores Reveal Huge Volcanic Eruptions, Bigger Than Anything in The Last 2,500 Years
Science Alert March 20, 2022 Large volcanic eruptions occurring in the last glacial period can be detected by their accompanying sulfuric acid deposition in continuous ice cores. Using such data an international team of researchers (Demark, Switzerland, Italy, UK, Canada) estimated the emission strength, frequency and the climatic forcing of large volcanic eruptions that occurred during the second half of the last glacial period and the early Holocene epoch. Due to limited data resolution and large variability in the sulfate background signal, they identified 1113 volcanic eruptions in Greenland and 737 eruptions in Antarctica within the 51 kyr period. They found […]
Using satellite data to warn people about volcanic eruptions
Phys.org June 21, 2021 Volcano monitoring of gas emissions provides insights into when explosions are likely to happen and unravel processes driving eruptions. An international team of researchers (UK, New Zealand) obtained data from the Sentinel-5 Precursor satellite, which had passed over Whakaari, New Zealand, shortly after it began erupting. By applying an algorithm to the data, they were able to reconstruct the events that had led to the volcano erupting. They found that SO2 flux and plume height data retrieved from TROPOMI satellite imagery before, during, and after the eruption showed that SO2 was detected without explosive activity on […]
New drone technology improves ability to forecast volcanic eruptions
Science Daily October 30, 2020 An international team of researchers (UK, Italy, Costa Rica, Sweden, Germany, USA – Michigan Tech. University, University of New Mexico, Canada, Papua New Guinea, New Zealand) has shown that aerial measurements of volcanic gases using unoccupied aerial systems (UAS) transform our ability to measure and monitor plumes remotely and to constrain global volatile fluxes from volcanoes. They combined multi-scale measurements from ground-based remote sensing, long-range aerial sampling, and satellites to construct comprehensive gas fluxes emitted by previously uncharacterized volcano Manam in Papua New Guinea. Their data emphasize the need to account for time averaging of […]