Microscopy at the tip of a hair-thin optical fiber: New approach pre-shapes light for unprecedented control

Phys.org  December 3, 2024 Light transmission through a multimode fiber (MMF) has gained major importance for imaging and manipulation. Most phase retrieval algorithms used for a MMF implicitly assume light propagation to be described by a unitary operation, yet the transmission matrix of a multimode fiber is inherently non-unitary. An international team of researchers (UK, Australia) demonstrated that this assumption could impede the performance of many commonly used MMF phase retrieval algorithms and demonstrated that the weighted Yang–Gu algorithm outperformed other phase retrieval algorithms in this scenario. Once accounted for, the non-unitary property of the transmission matrix could be leveraged […]

New approach to developing efficient, high-precision 3D light shapers

Phys.org  April 22, 2023 Specifically tailored refractive index of light modifications, directly manufactured inside glass using a short pulsed laser, enable an almost arbitrary control of the light flow. However, the stringent requirements for quantitative knowledge of these modifications, as well as for fabrication precision, have so far prevented the fabrication of light-efficient aperiodic photonic volume elements (APVEs). An international team of researchers (Austria, Germany, UK) has developed a powerful approach to the design and manufacturing of light-efficient APVEs. They optimized application-specific three-dimensional arrangements of hundreds of thousands of microscopic voxels and manufactured them using femtosecond direct laser writing inside […]