Science Daily May 2, 2024 While quantum teleportation is fueled by a pair of maximally entangled resource qubits, it is vulnerable to decoherence. An international team of researchers (China, Finland) proposed an efficient quantum teleportation protocol in the presence of pure decoherence and without entangled resource qubits entering the Bell-state measurement. They used multipartite hybrid entanglement between the auxiliary qubits and their local environments within the open–quantum system context. With a hybrid-entangled initial state, it is the decoherence that allowed them to achieve high fidelities. They demonstrated their protocol in an all-optical experiment… read more. Open Access TECHNICAL ARTICLE
This sound-suppressing silk can create quiet spaces
MIT News May 7, 2024 A team of researchers in the US (MIT, University of Wisconsin, Case Western Reserve University, Rhode Island School of Design) investigated traditional fabrics as emitters and suppressors of sound. When attached to a single strand of a piezoelectric fiber actuator, a silk fabric emitted up to 70 dB of sound. Despite the complex fabric structure, vibrometer measurements revealed behavior reminiscent of a classical thin plate. Fabric pore size relative to the viscous boundary layer thickness was found to influence acoustic-emission efficiency. They demonstrated two sound suppression using two distinct mechanisms. In the first, direct acoustic […]
When does a conductor not conduct?
Science Daily April 29, 2024 Flat bands in 2D and layered materials with a kagome lattice enhance electronic correlations. Although theoretically predicted, correlated-electron Mott insulating phases in monolayer 2D MOFs with a kagome structure have not yet been realized experimentally. An international team of researchers (Australia, Japan) synthesised a 2D kagome MOF on a 2D insulator. It revealed a MOF electronic energy gap of ∼200 meV, consistent with dynamical mean-field theory predictions of a Mott insulator. Combining template-induced and STM probe-induced gating, they locally tuned the electron population of the MOF kagome bands and induced Mott MITs. According to the researchers their […]
When injecting pure spin into chiral materials, direction matters
Science Daily May 3, 2024 The chiral induced spin selectivity (CISS) effect is emerging as a design principle for creating next-generation spintronic devices. CISS implies that the spin preference of chiral structures persists upon injection of pure spin currents and can act as a spin analyzer without the need for a ferromagnet. A team of researchers (North Carolina State University, University of Pittsburgh, University of Illinois – Urbana) showed that an anomalous spin current absorption in chiral metal oxides that manifested a colossal anisotropic nonlocal Gilbert damping with a maximum-to-minimum ratio of up to 1000%. A twofold symmetry of the […]
Top 10 Science and Technology Inventions for the Week of May 3, 2024
01. Airborne single-photon lidar system achieves high-resolution 3D imaging 02. Optical barcodes expand range of high-resolution sensor 03. First experimental proof for brain-like computer with water and salt 04. Flat optics revolutionize quantum light sources for enhanced communication and sensing 05. New circuit boards can be repeatedly recycled 06. Opening up the potential of thin-film electronics for flexible chip design 07. Revolutionizing memory technology: multiferroic nanodots for low-power magnetic storage 08. Rubber-like stretchable energy storage device fabricated with laser precision 09. Artificial muscles with embedded bifurcation structures can control complex motion 10. Breakthroughs in optical modulation using tunable 2D materials […]
Airborne single-photon lidar system achieves high-resolution 3D imaging
Science Daily April 24, 2024 Researchers in China designed and demonstrated an airborne single-photon LiDAR towards the compact, small-sized, and low-power payload with an optical aperture of 47 mm and capable of sub-pixel scanning to enhance image resolution. They validated the super-resolution ability in the ground experiment and high-resolution 3D imaging in the airborne experiment. Photon-efficient computational algorithms and high-quality single-photon avalanche diode arrays minimized power use making it possible to construct images from noisy data even under challenging conditions of two signal photons per pixel. They demonstrated 3D imaging during daytime and showed the capability to reveal the detailed […]
Artificial muscles with embedded bifurcation structures can control complex motion
Science Daily April 27, 2024 Harnessing complex body dynamics is a challenge in robotics, particularly when dealing with soft dynamics, which exhibit high complexity in interacting with the environment. Recent studies indicate that these dynamics can be used as a computational resource. Researchers in Japan demonstrated that bifurcations, including periodic and chaotic dynamics, could be embedded into the pneumatic artificial muscle, with the entire bifurcation structure using the framework of physical reservoir computing. Their results suggested that dynamics not present in training data could be embedded through bifurcation embedment, implying the capability to incorporate various qualitatively different patterns into pneumatic […]
Breakthroughs in optical modulation using tunable 2D materials
Nanowerk April 26, 2024 Achieving distinctive modulation across short-wave infrared (SWIR) regions while enabling precise phase control at low signal loss within a compact footprint remains an ongoing challenge. By integrating CuCrP2S6 (CCPS) into silicon photonics microring resonators (MRR) an international team of researchers (United Arab Emirates, New York University) enhanced light-matter interaction and measurement sensitivity to minute phase and absorption variations. The devices exhibited low optical losses and excellent modulation efficiency. These results outperformed earlier findings on phase shifters based on TMDs. The study demonstrated distinct variations in electro-optic tuning sensitivity when comparing transverse electric and transverse magnetic modes, […]
Computer scientists unveil novel attacks on cybersecurity
Eurekalert April 26, 2024 A team of researchers in the US (UC San Diego, University of North Carolina, Purdue University, Georgia Tech, industry) introduced novel attack primitives that enable adversaries to leak (read) and manipulate (write) the path history register (PHR) and the prediction history tables (PHTs) of the conditional branch predictor in high-performance CPUs. These primitives enable two new classes of attacks: first, it can recover the entire control flow history of a victim program by exploiting read primitives as demonstrated by a practical secret-image recovery based on capturing the entire control flow of libjpeg routines. It can also […]
Contactless interactive displays respond to finger movements and breath via humidity sensing
Nanowerk April 27, 2024 Researchers in China developed a contactless user-interactive sensing display (CUISD) based on dynamic alternating current electroluminescence (ACEL) that responds to humidity. Sub second humidity-induced luminescence was achieved by integrating a highly responsive hydrogel into the ACEL layer. The patterned silver nanofiber electrode and luminescence layer, produced through electrospinning and microfabrication, resulted in a stretchable, large-scale, high-resolution, multicolor, and dynamic CUISD. It was implemented for the real-time control of a remote-controlled car, wherein the luminescence signals induced by touchless finger movements were distinguished and encoded to deliver specific commands. The distinctive recognition of breathing facilitates the CUISD […]